MANIPUR REVENUE TRIBUNALS & MANIPUR SINGTANG GAM
~ Dr. R. Sanga
Thumapi:
Manipur Land Revenue and Land Reforms Act, 1960(Act No. 33 of 1960) nuai ah Government of Manipur, Secretariat: Law & Legislative Affairs Department in NOTIFICATION: No. 2/62/2013-Leg/L(iv) dated Imphal, March 3, 2014 ni a theihsakna a suahkhiakna ah; ‘Revenue Tribunals’ kichi phutkhia ahihdan taklangh hi. Hiai atung a kigen MLR & LR Act, 1960 pen Manipur Hill Areas sungtawng-kilchih ah leng zat diing deihna ziak in Manipur Sorkar in NOTIFICATION suah in ‘Revenue Tribunal, Manipur’ kichi thakphuan leh bawlkhiak a om pen “Schedule” khat hi a, hiai anuai ah a Schedule in atunkhawm District tuamtuam ahi bangbang in i teisawn/taklangh diing:
No. 2/62/2013-Leg/L(iv): The State Government hereby constitutes the following Revenue Tribunals at column (II) of the schedule below to be the Tribunal as defined in clause(vv) of section 2 of the Manipur Land Revenue & Land Reforms Act, 1960(Act no. 33 of 1960) for the purposes of the above Act within the territorial limits of jurisdiction at column (III) below:
Schedule
Sl. No
Revenue Tribunal
Territorial Jurisdiction
(I)
(II)
(III)
1.
Revenue Tribunal, Thoubal
Thoubal District
2.
Revenue Tribunal, Bishnupur
Bishnupur District
3.
Revenue Tribunal, Senapati
Senapati District
2.Further, the existing territorial jurisdiction of the Revenue Tribunal, Manipur is modified as given below:
Sl. No
Revenue Tribunal
Territorial Jurisdiction
(I)
(II)
(III)
1.
Revenue Tribunal, Manipur
Districts of Imphal East, Imphal West /Ukhrul/Chandel/Tamenglong/Churachandpur
MLR & LR Act, 1960 in; “TRIBUNAL” kichi kammal hiai bang in hilhchian hi: “Manipur Land Revenue and Land Reforms Act, 1960(Act No. 33 of 1960) Clause (vv) of Section 2 has been inserted vide Manipur Act No. 13 of 1976, published in the Manipur Gazette dated 24-5-1976. Clause (ii) was inserted vide Manipur Act No. 10 of 1976, which defines “District Council”. By the Manipur Act No. 13 of 1979 the Clause (vv) has been inserted, but ironically enough the Clause (vv) was already there defining the word ‘Tribunal’ which does not appear to have been substituted. The original Clause (vv) was inserted by Order No. 3/9/72 Act/D, dated 21-1-1972 of the Governor of Manipur under Section 81 of the North Eastern Areas (Re-organization) Act, 1971, reads as follows:
MANIPUR LAND REVENUE & LAND REFORMS ACT –
“(vv) Tribunal means any officer appointed by the State Government to be the Tribunal for the purpose of this Act”, Now there appears to be two definitions of the words ‘Tribunal’.”
Kivaihawmna Diing Daan; Phaijang & Singtang Mite A Diing Atuam Bawl In Om:
Tulel a Manipur State huapsung a tengkhawm – Meetei leh Singtang mite kar ah, atuam a kivaihawmna diing Daan mumaltak, India in Independent a ngahma akipan, British kumpi vaihawmtute’n ana bawlsak khin uhi. Singtang mite kivaihawmna enkaitu diing in kum 1931 in British ICS Officer mohpuakna piak in om a; Phaijang (Valley) Areas ah ahihleh Meetei Raja Churachand Singh koih in om hi. Singtang mite amau-le-amau kivaihawmna diing in British vaihawmtute’n kum 1935 in daan (rules) ana bawlsaknawn leuleu uhi.
Kidoupi Nihna beinung, India in Independent ngah petmah diing ahita chih British kumpi vaihawmtute’n thei kilkel uh ahihman in leh atuam a Singtang mite kivaihawmna mumaltak aom keileh tulel Manipur State in ahuapsung a ana khawsatou nilouh; Singtang mite tengteng tunung hun sawt lou chik sung a tupmang leh siikden a om diing uh ahi chih amuhkholh ziak un, Manipur Maha Raja kiang ah Daan tuam bawl diing a atheihsak uh dungzui in, amaute (singtang mite) atuam a akivaihawm theihna diing un: “The Manipur Hill Peoples’ Regulation, 1947” kichi bawlkhiak in ana om hi. Huchi mahbang in Meetei phaijang mite ngei leng atuam a akivaihawmna diing un: “The Manipur State Constitution Act, 1947” kichi Maha Raja in ana bawlkhia hi. Leiman/Siah (Revenue) piak toh kisai Manipur Singtang Gam leh Phaijang Gam (Hills & Plains) atuam a ana paitou nilouh ahi chih amuhkhiak theih bok hi.
Singtang Khua Ah Hill House Tax Kipia:
The Manipur Hill Areas (House Tax) Act, 1966 nuai ah Singtang miteng in Inn mun leh Lou mun hitaleh, Gam aneihdan uh toh kituak in Leiman (Hill House Tax) tunitan in apia zel uhi. Phaijang ah ahihleh MLR & LR Act, 1960 nuai ah Leiman (Revenue Tax) piak in om hi. Hill House Tax piak ahihna ziak bel Inn leh Lou neitu hihna chiamtehna ahi. Gam leitang neitu hihna chetna diing a Leiman/Siah kipia ahi hi. Hiai Leiman kipia pen Manipur Sorkar ah piaklut in om hi. Banghang hiam chihleh Manipur ah Khua-le-tui hihna nei, Gamdang mi kihi lou, chih chetna a piaklut ahinawn hi. Himahleh a Siah/Leiman petu pentak kha Gam leitang neitu ahi chih theihsiam di’n ahoih hi. Hill House Tax kichi omzia diktak bel Inn mun kia lel huap gen himai lou in, gam leitang mundang, Lou-mun hi in Zohuan chihte tengteng huap vek ahi chih chiamteh bok ni…!! Mikhat in Leiman apiakna huapsung ah thuneihna leh neihtu hihna amah ah om ahi chih zong kichian hi.
Leiman Akop-athuah A Piak In Om:
Manipur Hill Areas huapsung ah singtang mite lak ah akop-athuah a Leiman pia bangzah hiam om uhi. Daan kidelhthuah chihna suak hi. MLR & LR Act, 1960 nuai a Leiman (Revenue Tax) pia; Hill House Tax leng huai revenue tax apiakna inn-mun hiam lou-mun hiam a leng akop-athuah a Tax nihvei pia chihna ahi. Hiai kha thilmaktak ahi. India gamsung, state(s) dang ah huchibang akop-athuah a Leiman piak chih kitheih lou hi. Hiai omzia bel Manipur State Governance /Administration/Judiciary/Legislation mumal het lou chih achian mahmah hi. Hiai toh kisai mipilam akipan theihsiamna taaksap ziak zong ahi khamoh kei diing hi…!!
Etsakna diing in Lamka khawpi sung biik enzual le’ng; mimal a Inn-mun leh Lou-mun anei mi tamtak in Leiman/Siah akop-athuah in pia uhi. Aziak bel MLR & LR Act nuai a Inn-mun/Lou-mun neite’n akisaipih Sorkar lam a thuneitute kiang a ‘Land Survey’ bawlsak detdet in, agam neitu pen in Register bawl teitei diing deih ahihman a “Zamabandi/Pucca Patta” SDO Office ah chiamtehna vabawl in ‘Revenue Tax’ apiak teitei diing asuak maimah hi. Hill Areas huapsung a om lah hi zel ahihman a ‘Hill House Tax’ leh ‘Revenue Tax’ toh akop-athuah a apiak ngai maimah hi; tua ahihman a “Double Tax” pia suak ahi zenhouh hi. Huaiziak in, Manipur Hill Areas Land-holding System hoihtak a etkiik kiphamoh petmah asuak hi. Hiai double tax piak toh kisai pentak kha akisaipih thuneitute leh mipi ai-oh di’a teelching a om, Singtang mi MLAs hi in, Ministers khat peuhpeuh hitaleh; poimohngaih mahmah a ngenteltak a sui detdet a velphathak a, mipite haksatna dawnzangkhai ahihtheihna diing a mi phatuamngai panpihtu muanhuai koi ah/kua hi diing hiam…??
Daan Bawlpawlpi:
Daan Bawlpawlpi – Legislative Assembly – Manipur Inpi ah singtang mi MLAs 20 aom ua; Hill Areas Committee ah Member hihna neichiat uhi. Hill Areas huapsung ah Daan kibohthuah bangzah om hi hiam chih leh Singtang mipite a diing a thil khawktak, tunung zek chiang a Singtang-Gam mansuah theihna hial khop a thilkhawk Manipur Congress Sorkar in bangzah bawlkhia hi hiam chih mipite bengvak kul-le-poimoh petmah ahita hi. Singtang mipite leh Hausate ngaihdan laak masak chih himhim lah om ngei lou; Daan omsate adik-a-tang a zuih chih lah om lou, aguk-a-gaal a Manipur Hill Areas District Boundaries teng Manipur Daan Bawlpawlpi in Inpi sung a Daan puahphatna nei in, Dohkan tung akipan gelhsuan ziauziau maimah uh…. Daan tuamtuam bangzah hiam bawlkhiak a omte ziak in singtang mite tengteng khauhual lianpi a nungleh-hensawmsa toh kibang geih dinmun ah ki-om hita lou hiam chih diing abang maimah hi.
Manipur Singtang Gam (Tribal Areas/Hill Areas) tualsung kivaihawmna mumaltak a om diing deihna ziak in: “The Manipur (Village Authorities in Hill Areas) Act, 1956” bawlkhiak in om hi. Hiai Act, 1956 bawl ahih toh kiton in; “The Manipur Hill Peoples’ Regulation, 1947” – hihbei/beisak (repealed) in om hi. Governor General of India leh Maharaja of Manipur in Merger Agreement, 21st September 1949 ni in Lemsakna Letmat (Agreement) suaikai tuaktuak in, 15th October 1949 ni akipan Manipur Lengpa thuneihna huapsung phaijang gam leitang, thuneihna, kivaihawmna leh thahatna tengteng Dominian Government/India Sorkar ah piakkhiak siang sipsip in omta hi.
Manipur Maharaja damsung kum tawntung leh a Inkuanpihte in kumteng a asum zat diing uh Rupees Three Lakhs – hiai sum apan – Taxes piak louh diing chi in India Sorkar in Lemna suai akaihpih dungzui in kumteng in Nuai-Thum ‘Privy Purse’ diing in pia hi. Manipur Merger Agreement, 1949 in Tribal Chiefship huam kha lou hi. Tua ahihman in Manipur Singtang Hausate Inpi Vaihawmna (Chieftainship Institution in Manipur) pen tulel dinmun a Manipur State huapsung ah tunitan beisak in om tadih nai lou a, delthawngtak leh lauthawnghuai dinmun ah bel om toutou in, hing minpu in omtou hamham lai hi.
Hausate Thuneihna Hihbei In Om:
Chin State, Myanmar (Burma): People’s Conference Falam, khawpi ah: 19th to 22nd February 1948 hunsung Mipi Ngaihdan Lakkhawmna, Ni-li sung vingveng neih ahihnung in [Ref. A brief Background History Of Chin National Day (62nd Chin National Day ) Message from Salai K'Cho Kee Le Awm, Chairman, K’Cho Ethnic Council. http://myanmarrefugees.blogspot.in/2010/02/brief-background-history-of-chin.html]; Tedim akipan palai, Thawng Za Khai in zong 20th February 1948 ni in ‘Ngetna ahihke’h Thukup’ ana pelut hi. Mipite deihtelna leh thupukna dungzui in Chin State, Myanmar (Burma) ah 20th February 1948 ni in Hausa Inpi Vaihawmna beisak in om hi. (Reference: “The Brief History of Chin National Day” http://chinstatemyanmar.blogspot.in/2012/11/home.html).
Mizoram: ‘The Assam-Lushai District (Acquisition of Chief’s Rights) Act, 1954 bawlkhiat in om a; huan kumthak, 1955 in hiai Act pen bawlphat in ompah ngal hi. Hausate thuneihna nuai a kivaihawmna tengteng Mizo District Council khut ah 1st April 1954 ni akipan suanlut a aom toh kiton in Mizoram Hausa Inpi Vaihawmna (Chieftainship Institution) beisak in om hi. Hausate thuneihna Mizoram a hihbei a ana om pen tu hun a khangthakte’n angaihtuah thak chiang un, a upate un ‘Political & Administrative Blunder Decision’ ana bawlkha uh ahi chihdan in koih lel uhi. Pu R. Thangmawia, President of ZORO GHQs. Aizawl in hichibang in gen hi: “Mizo Union vanglai a makaitute leh mipite’n Mizoram Hausa Inpi (Chieftainship Institution) thuneihna chimtaak leh deih lou a ‘Hihbei/Beisak’ a ana om pen Mizo mipite tengteng a diing a thilkhawk leh poi lua ahi; aziak bel Gam leitang neitu hihna diktak hihbei a om toh kibang ahi. Huaiziak in, Manipur Singtang Hausa Inpi (Chieftainship Institution) hihbei het kei un… Hausa Inpi na beisak ualeh tunung chiang in Mizoram Hausa Inpi hihbei a ana om pen – kisik mahmahle ungh zong kikhelta ahihman in, noute leng kisik petmah diing na hi uh….” chi in hiai thugelhtu toh a houlimna uah kum khat/nih paita in naktak in gen hi.
Chiamtehtuak Thu Poimoh Khenkhat:
1.Manipur Singtang gam a zat diing in Autonomous District Council Act, 1971 and Rules, 1972 om khinsa hinapi; Valley Districts (viz., Imphal East & Imphal West) leh Hill Districts (viz., Ukhrul, Chandel, Tamenglong & Churachandpur) chihte kha bang ziak a MLR & LR Act, 1960 nuai a Revenue Tribunal min a munkhat a gawmkhawm a Daan kidelhthuah nemnum leh chiangkuang lou deuh mai; Government of Manipur in Law Department zang a hiai Daan/Act, 1960 pen singtang gam kilchih/munchih/mualchih a zat ahihtheihna diing a Manipur Sorkar in “Theihsakna/Notification” suahkhe chitchiat hi hiam?
2.Manipur Hill Areas huapsung a zat diing a; “The Manipur Hill Areas (House Tax) Act, 1966” kichi Daan bawl a ana omsa pen tunitan beisak/hihtawp in om lou hi. Singtang Gamte (Hill Areas) a zat diing deihna ziak a; “MLR & LR Act, 1960” nuai a Revenue Tribunal- Manipur kichi Daan thak bawl a, ‘Territorial Jurisdiction’ khat nuai a Plain & Hill, leiman/siah piakna diing a vaihawmna munkhat a Hill Districts 4 leh Plain Districts 2 gawmkhawm a Manipur Congress Sorkar in “Revenue Tribunal” tuphing a bangziak a thakphuan hi hiam…??
3.Hill Areas huapsung ah Revenue Tribunal thakphuan kiphatmohna bang om hiam? Hill House Tax lah piak ngai veve diing a, Double Taxes bangziak a Singtang mite’n akop-athuah a piak kiphamoh chitchiat diing hi hiam?
4.Hill Areas Committee, Manipur Legislative Assembly in 2nd June, 2012 ni a Meeting aneihna ah Village Development Committee kichi “Manipur Hill Areas” huapsung khawchih leh vengchih a bawlkhiak diing ahi chih kituaktak in thupukna bawl hi; Hiai thu toh kisai genmawi in, HAC in kituaktak a thupukna abawl pen State Government namkipna ngen zui ngal bok hi (Ref. Memo No. 4/45/2010-LA(HAC) dated Imphal, the 2nd June, 2012). Tua ni a HAC Meeting ah Members tengteng lamdangtak in telkim thrap uhi.
5.Manipur Gazette ah Village Development Committee (VDC) toh kisai Manipur Singtang khua kilchih-munchih ah zat diing in “Office Memorandum: No. 9/23/2012-Hills(Pt) dated Imphal, 6th January, 2014” ni in suahkhiak in om hi. Hiai thu toh kisai All Tribal Chiefs’ Forum-Manipur in ngaikhawk mahmah in April 3, 2014 ni in All Manipur Bandh bawl a; Hon’ble Chief Minister in agelhthoh a chialna abawl dungzui in April 4, 2014 in kihouna nei mahle uh Kilemna leh Thupukna mumal om lou in kikhen uhi. Hausate pawl in a lauhthawng pen uh ahihleh – Hausa thuneihna beibang a ngaihsutna nei uh ahihman in VDC Gazette Order pen zuk-kiik (rescind) hi hen chih adeihdan uh ahi hi...!!
6.Manipur Singtang mite luahna gam pen ‘Chieftainship Institution’ – Hausa Inpi Vaihawmna nuai ah kepbit a om geigei ahi chih mipite’n i phawkthak chiat uh deihhuai mahmah hi. Hausa mimal pen hi lou in, a Kivaihawmna Inpi pen beisak het louh diing ahi.