MEITEITE THEI IN – Part three
By Vungzamuan Valte

MEITEI-LON LEH CULTURAL REVIVAL:
Meitei-ron ichih pen amau Meitei-Lon chi ua, hiai Meitei pau pen indigeneous/amau apat suak khia leh laigelhdan chituam leng nei dan in kigen uhi. Meitei te Hinduism a akipiak ma un SCRIPT tuam nei kichi ua, huaipen tu a MEITEI-MAYEK chia ahon bawlkhiak thak pen uh toh kibang geih ahi chihchu a chetna omlou hi.

Pamheiba (Garib Niwaz) in 1720 lakvel a Meitei te Hindu sahkhua a apilut ma in, Laigelhdan script tuam nei in, 1100 AD vel apat a kumpi masa uh LOIYUMBA hunlai apat Cheitharol Kumbaba bang, PUYAS kichi a sahkhua biakna laibu khawngte uh Bengali Script a kigelh hilou hi. Hinduism ah ahong ki convert vek takziak un hiaia laibu luite uleh a biakna ngeinate tengteng uh Lengpa thupiak in mei ah haltum ua PUYA THABA chi uhi. Huchi in 1729 kum in Meitei mipite leh a siampute uh Lilong gei a Imphal River leh Iril River kisuktuahna muntak ah NONGKHRANG singkahiang tawikawm in tuinuai ah liluh ua, HINDU sahkhua a kipiakna leh hiai sahkhua kembittu hiding in kichiamna NONGKHRANG EIRUPPA kichi bawl uhi. A Lengpa khat uh Bhagyachandra kichi hunlai 1759-1798 sungin leng khatvei mah huchidan in Meitei ten Hindu sahkhua lenkip ding leh taisan lou dingin kichiamna khat hih nawn leuleu uhi.

Huchia Meitei ten Hindu sahkhua kiptak a ahon zuihtak chiangun a Culture uleh Tradition uah kikhena nasatak hon tun a, Vaite siampu ngen zat hong ngaita a, festival tuamtuam leh a folk tales tengteng uleng vaite epic/mythology leh story te tawh kituak dingin hon bawl-rem tawmtawm ta uhi. Lam chituamtuam aneihte khawng uh RASLILA hong suak a, kicheina leh kitendan tanpha ah lamdanna hon tunta hi. Meitei-Lon kichi pen Bengali Script in hon khengta ua, alai gelh tengteng uh hiai script thak a ahon khek chiangun aluipen mangthang hiauta hi. Huchia Vai sakhua leh Vai hinkhua zanga ahong khosak chiangun misi hal chihbang ahon hih ua, nidang lai in kivui dan ahi uhi. Hindu society ah tuitumtak leh chetheitak in Meitei te hong khosa ua, Aryan Race chikhat dan in kikoih leulau maidan ahi uhi. I gensa bangin, Rajkumar bang, Singh bang, Devi chihbang amin uah ahon behlapta ua, transformed Meitei/society ahong suakta uhi. A pau mahmah uah Sanskrit tampitak ahon lalut ua huchi in a Lengt uleng Marjit Singh, Chandrakirti Singh, Gambhir Singh, Churachand Singh chih khawng ngen ahong hita ua, Meitei Bamon te/Brahmins te Sharma ahong kichi kuau mai uhi.

CULTURAL REVIVAL : Huchi in kum 300 lamphial ding khawng HINDU sahkhua zui a ahong om lai un, asung uah kituahlouhna neuhneuh ahong omta a, Meitei te India gamsung mun tuamtuam a ahong vakkhiak chiangun vaite taktak ahihlouhdan uleh, hiaite sisan leh khanggui hilou ahihdan uh hong kitheikhia ua, Hindu Society a Caste System hoihloupi khat bangding a zui zenhouh ihi ua? Chihna lungsim ahon neita uhi. Pilgrimage a ahon hon a zin duamduam sek ahi ua, Nabadwip, Kanyakumari, Sangam/Prayag Raj chihte khawng ah, adiak in misi vu/vui Sanggam mun a Ganga leh Yamuna kisuktuahna mun a paih sek ahi ua, vaite khanggui suitute PUROHITS kichiten a khanggui uh suimang lou theilou uhi. Hiai Hindute lak a caste system kichi Manu Smriti in DAN a bawlte lak ah dack door entry bawl ahihdan uh kitheisuah ua lungkim thei nawnta lou uhi. A Hindu Kulmute mah in leng bang ding a Hindu kichi thei mawk na hi ua, chichi dan ahi thou zel uhi.

1930 lakvel in Meitei society ah revival chikhat hong kipankhia a SANAMAHI kichi a traditional Religion uh a omsa pen zonkhiak thak ding leh, a Script masa uh Meitei Mayek pen zatnawn dingdan lunggel thei pawl hong omta uhi. Nagate tawh pa khat suan kichi pawl bang hong piangkhia ua, Aryan loupi ki Aryan sak, Sino- Tibetan language apat Tibeto-Burman Language group hizenpi a huai Bengali Script va koppih mawkmawk chih khawng, leh Mongoloid Stock ahihdan kawng uh hon muchiang semsem ta uhi. Cachar lak a Meitei omten Bengali te engbawlna leh kousiatna khawng tuak tham ua, haksatna atuahte uh ahon ngaihtuah chiangun HINDU taktak loupi ki Hindu sak ihi, imel leh puam inle zirloupi a, kichihna hon nei uhi. Hiai SANAMAHISM kichi leh Meitei Culture guhtak mangsak sipsip khollou a ana kembittu bang omsam lai ahihna uah, hong kizong khawm ua, huchi in Cachar apat NAORIA PHULLO in movement hon pankhia a, hiaipen Churachand Singh hunlai ahi hi. Meitei identity leh culture revive theihna dingin Naoria in nasatak mai in pan honla a, hiai Hinduism ziaka unau hilai YAITHIBIS, LOIS chihkhawng misianglou a koih mawk haihuai ahihdan, huchia, misiangloute toh kithuahkhate himhim ostricised or fine khum chihte khawng haihuai asak thu nasatak in tangkoulihta hi. Bengali Hindu ten, hiai Meitei te mawng mawng, ka omdan, biakdan uleh, ka gamtatdan tengteng uh hon zui mawk uh, chia koukou bang leng om ahi uhi.

Sanamahi Revival Movement Cachar ah Noria Phullo in nasatak a pankhia ahi chih Manipur ah 1934 vel in athu hong thangta a, Meitei society ah identity, religion, culture, language kichite kepbit utna lungsim leh sentiment nasatak omsa om ahihna tawh, Takhellambam Bokul @ Sanamahi Bokul leh a lawmte nih Pukhrambam Surchand leh Ibomcha ten hiaithu azak tak un Cachar lam manoh pah tingteng ua, kum 2 phial ding Naoria Phullo nuai ah Meitie Culture leh Religion tawh kisai va sin uhi. Amau ten Hindu hihna paikhe pah tep mai ua, huchi in Manpur ah hiai revival movement nasatak a paipih ding ahihdan uh Naoria theisak uhi. Huchi in, Manipur State Meitei Marup kichi hon dinkhia ua, Meiteite lak a hiai revival movement nasatak hon pankhia uhi. Hiai revival movement in Hindute mawk dou tuanlou a, Meitei identity, Religious identity zonkhiak thak ding, leh cultural invasion apat kidaitheu dingdan lampi nasatak a zong ahi zaw uhi. Huchi in, Manipur a Meiteite society sung ah Meitei Mayek ngaihnatna lungsim hong kichituh a nasatak mai in 1940’s apat panla pawl omta uhi. Hiai Meitei pau kichi revivalist ten awlawl in hon zongkhia ua, 1958 tan khawng inchu saupi tungta ua, alphabet dandeuh script tamkuamtak musuah uhi. Phuahtawm mah bang remrom a Meitei society sung ah leng adeih leh deihlou nasatak in sawtpi kikangtuah nilouh lai uh.

India in independence amuhma late 1930’s lai in Meitei Intellectuals kichiten pawl bawlkhia ua, NIKHIL HINDU MANIPURI MAHASABHA kichi hi, hiai pawlpi HIJAM IRABOT kichi in makaih a Royal Family apat ahi a, 1938 kum in hiai pawlpi apat HINDU paihkhiak hi a, hiai pawlpite tup khat tuh BRITISH ten Manipur gamsung Administrative unit 2 (valley leh Hills) a akhen khiak uh deihlou uhi. I theihsa mah bangin 1919 apat Manipur lengpa’n Valley sung ah vaihawm a, British te Political Agent in Singtang gam teng enkol ahi hi, 1947 a Manipur Constitution a bawlkiak lai unleng Hills ah Seperative Administration danin Regulation tuam kinei hi. Hijam Irabot pen British ten 1940 vel in man ua Sylhet jail ah khum uhi, huaimun ah Communist te tawh va kithuahkha ua, Communism ah hong lunglut a, Kidoupi nihna ahong om ziakin jail apat khahkhiak hong hi a, 1946 in Political Party khat PRAJA SANGHA phuankhia hi. Hiai Hijam Irabot chituhna nuai ah Manipur a helna/secessionist movement hong kipankhia ahi ua, UNLF kichi PAN MONGOLOID MOVEMENT, North East pumpi huapkha in 1964 a bawlkhiak ahong hi hi.

Politics lam gen lai le, India in Independence 1947 a ahon muh tawh kiton in Manipur in INSTRUMENT OF ACCESSION date 11.08.1947 in sign a, STANDSTILL AGREEMENT leng sign ngal hi. Hiai Instrument dan hileh Defence, Foreign Affairs leh Currency kia Union of India in tangkha dingdan ahi hi. Himaleh, September ni 21, 1949 in Shillong khawpi ah MERGER AGREEMENT sign nawn uhi. Hiaikhawng neuhneuh lungkimlouh pih in Meiteite hong kiphin panpanta ua, cultural revival movement inleng nasatak mai in phattuampih dan ahi hi.

Banghangin chihleh, Mongoloid mi chiatchiat, culture tuam nei a, biakdan tuam leh, namsang kichihtuam sese naziak a namdangte simmoh bawlna khawng haivai ahi chi ua, Hindu Sahkhua huatna chikhat hon neita uhi. Singtangmite tawh ki-unau, kitanau hinazenpi a hiai HINDU Religion in hon khendarh ahi chihdan leh ngaihdan khat honnei ua, SANAMAHI-ISM ANCESTRAL WORSHIP kichi ANIMISM chikhat pomdan khat hon neithei uhi. Politics sangpi kigolh ahi a, Meitei ten Tribal te tanvou khenkhat a tan teilouh khawng uh a ngaihtuah thakthak chiangun haihuai sathak phing pawl om ahi uhi. Himahleh, a gam uh state bang hitei buangta a, a literature khawng uh khawvel pumpi theihtham a kitheihzak a minthang hita, a Manipuri Dance khawng uh minthang lawtel, a pau mahmah uh India Constitution a SCHEDULED LANGUAGE nuai a MONGOLOID LANGUAGE kiguanglut omsunsun, huchipi a Namniam leh Namtuantual kichih thak phing ding utlou bilbel pawl tawh nasatak in kinangtuah nilouh uhi.

Huchi in a Indigeneous Script uh Meitei Mayek pen nasatak a debate ahihnung leh, theihtawp suah a abawl thakthak nungun 27 scripts nei ahon final thei khong khong ua, huchi in 1980 kum in Meitei Mayek pomna Gazette Notification suahkhiak ahong hi a, school khawng ah sintheih dingin phalna piak ahita uhi.

Eeyek Eepee(Original Letters)
ꯀ
[ꯀꯣꯛ, kok]

head ꯁ
[ꯁꯝ, sam]

hair ꯂ
[ꯂꯥꯏ, lai]

forehead ꯃ
[ꯃꯤꯠ, mit]

eye ꯄ
[ꯄꯥ, pa]

eyelash ꯅ
[ꯅꯥ, na]

ear
ꯆ
[ꯆꯤꯂ, chil]

lips ꯇ
[ꯇꯤꯂ, til]

saliva ꯈ
[ꯈꯩ, khou]

throat ꯉ
[ꯉꯩ, khou]

pharynx ꯊ
[ꯊꯩ, thou]

chest ꯋ
[ꯋꯥꯏ, WAI]

navel
ꯌ
[ꯌꯥꯡ, YANG]

backbone ꯍ
[ꯍꯨꯛ, huk]

lower spine ꯎ
[ꯎꯟ, un]

skin ꯏ
[ꯏ, I]

Blood ꯐ
[ꯐꯥꯝ, pham]

placenta ꯑ
[ꯑꯇꯤꯌꯥ, atiya]

sky

Hiai movement in a society uh nasatak in tok lellel lai a bangtan buai ding ahi ua chih kithei bun nailou lai hi. Kaltoulam hihsang in kiakniamlam manoh ut-zawta ahi duam a, 1990 nungin OTHER BACKWARD CLASSES ah ahong kihaithutuah luilui ua, tunichiang in chu Meitei kichi tengteng BACKWARD CLASS vek ahi suak sipsip ta ua, RAJKUMAR kichite leng a backward ta ua, SHARMA te leng a backward vek ta mai uhi, (OBC Category ah om vekta mai uhi).

CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF MANIPUR
Entry No Caste/ Community Resolution No. & Date 1. Badi (Nepali), Damai (Nepali), Gainay (Nepali), Kami (Nepali) and Sarki (Nepali) (who have been living in Manipur as members of the domiciled community since the 9th July 1947 and their descendants) 12011/7/95-BCC dt. 24/05/1995 2. Meitei, Meetei (including Meitei Brahmin, Meitei/Meetei Sanamahi and Rajkumar) 12011/7/95-BCC dt. 24/05/1995 12011/7/95-B.C.C.dt.17/07/1995 3. Meitei Pangal 12011/7/95-BCC dt. 24/05/1995 4. Teli (who have been domiciled in Manipur for 10 years, and their descendents) 12011/7/95-BCC dt. 24/05/1995

Tunai in movement hat tak mai apai lel lel a, huaipen chu TRIBAL kahi uh chih lamlam bang hitaleh kilawm hi. Huchi in, Meitei pasalte mintawp ah SINGH chihte sangin Meitei/Meetei achita ua, numeite chu DEVI sangin Chanu/Leima a chita uhi. Eilawite min neih danin SANA TOMBA LAISHRAM (beh min) chih khawng zangta ua, nidang lai hileh Sana Tomba Singh chiding uhi. Boris Thangjam, Jackson Thounaojam, Dheeraj Moirangthem chih khawng nidang in kimu ngeilou a KUMAR/SINGH a tawpsek pen tuchiangin a YUMNAK uh lata uhi (YUMNAK IS BEHMIN IN PAITE).

NONGKHRANG EERUPPA (IRUPPA) KICHI, HUNDU SAKHUA A KIPIAKNA LEH HINDUISM LENKIP A PRESERVE DINGIN TUILILUH IN KICHIAMNA 1729 LEH 1750'S NUNGIN MEITEI SIAMPU TEN AHIH UH CHIH IGENTA....

HIAI KHAUHUAL LEH HINDU SAHKHUA APAT KIAWNGSUTNA FEBRUARY NI 6, 1974, FULL MOON NITAK NGEIMAI IN KISIANSUAHNA FUNCTION BAWL UA, SANAMAHI POMNA LEH HINDU SAHKHUA PAISANNA ETSAKNA DINGIN A MAIBA TE UH HUAI LILONG MUN A GUNLUI AH TUI-LILUH KHINTA UHI. TUADAN MAH BANGIN 1992 KUM, APRIL NI 2 IN NONGKHREI PAREI HANBA CEREMONY BAWL UA, A TITULAR KING UH OKENDRAJIT IN ROYAL PROCLAMATION BAWL IN MEITEI LAIS TENGTENG HINDUTE THANG/KOL A AWKKHA TENGTENG SUTKHIAKNA NEI A, MEITEI MAIBI/MAIBA TE KIANG AH PEKIKTA HI.

MEITEI SOCIETY A PANA SYSTEM:
Meitei Society clan/salai 7 in a kikhen uh ichih khinta a, hiai PANA system chih pen society sunga sep-le-bawl lam a mohpuakna ahi a poimoh petmah hi. Hiai pana system a tellou chu Meitei hilou ahi top mai a, social events poimoh taktakte ah telsak phal ahi kei uhi. Nidanglai in territorial division dan in a kikhen ua, tuchiang in ahihleh Yumnak dan a kikhen in hiai Pana pen a tunglam in 4 kia AHALLUP, NAHARUP, KHABAM leh LAIPHAM ahi ua, HIDAKPHANBA leh POTSANGBA aguan behlap nungun 6 phata hi. Division of labour, division in administrative units, division of military duty chihdan in a society sung uah hiai LUP tuamtuam te poimoh mahmah ua forced labour hilou in gamsung a dingin free labour leh military nasep khawng hihsek tangpi uhi.
Hiai Pana ten a social, economic leh political life uah poimohna liantak nei ua, compulsory labour, LALLUP kichi, free state service dan hih ngai zelzelte ah panmun poimohtak nei hi. Hiai organisation te Meitei social structure backbone kichi thei hial ding a, etsakna dingin Sagol Kangjei, Khong Kangjei, Mukhna etc te hiai Pana pawlpite dan a kikhen in nasatak mai in bawl zelzel uhi.